What type of fire protection system actively detects and suppresses fire?

Fire suppression systems are specifically designed to both detect and actively combat fire situations. These systems include various mechanisms such as sprinklers, fire extinguishers, and foam systems, which work to extinguish or control fire once it is detected. By incorporating both detection and suppression components, these systems are essential in minimizing fire damage and enhancing safety in buildings.

In contrast, while fire alarms and automatic fire detection systems are crucial for alerting occupants and the fire department of a fire's presence, they do not suppress the fire themselves. Emergency lighting systems are designed to provide illumination during a power failure or emergency and do not play a direct role in fire detection or suppression. The key aspect of fire suppression systems is their ability to actively engage with the fire hazard, which distinguishes them from other options listed.